View source for 1860-1869

=Timeline: 1860 through 1869=

===1860===
1860
:[[Minneapolis/St. Paul, MN: 100 Queer Places in Minnesota History, (1860-1969), (1969-2010)]]


1860
:As early as 1860 a parody of Walt Whitman's poem "Song of Myself" attacked the poet by picturing him as an effeminate dry-goods clerk. See [[Postcards: Masculine Women, Feminine Men; early-20th c.]]


1860, January-July
:[[John William Sterling Journal: January-July 1860]]


1860, February 28
[[Louisville (Kentucky) Democrat: John Haskell arrested for “forcible sodomy”, February 28, 1860]]


1860, March
:Walt Whitman is in Boston preparing third edition of ''Leaves of Grass'', the first to include a section of "Calamus" poems about men's intimacies with men, and the "Children of Adam" section about the intimacies of men and women. See [[Whitman, Symonds, Carpenter: "In paths untrodden," 1859-1924]]


1860, March 17
:Ralph Waldo Emerson meets Walt Whitman on Boston Common and warns the New York poet about publishing some of the sexual poems planned for his new edition of Leaves of Grass.<ref>Katz, ''Love Stories'', 126 </ref>


1860, March 19
:Fred Vaughn, in New York, writes to Walt Whitman in Boston, urging Whitman to keep in touch with him, and maintain their earlier intimacy.<ref>Katz, Love Stories, 125.</ref>


1860, March 23
:Ralph Waldo Emerson lectures in New York City and discusses intimate friendships between men.<ref>Katz, ''Love Stories'', 126. WOULD BE GREAT TO HAVE MORE DETAIL ABOUT THIS!=JNK</ref>


1860, March 27
:Fred Vaughn, in New York, writes to Walt Whitman in Boston.<ref>Katz, Love Stories, 126.</ref>


1860, April 18
:An Iowa legal case, Estes v. Carter, involving charges of slander through words accusing "sodomy" (unspecified in the brief, published legal report) is appealed and receives a verdict in the state's Supreme Court.<ref>10 IA 400 (Sup. Ct.) (1860 Apr 18)</ref> 


1860, April 30
:Fred Vaughn, in New York, writes to Walt Whitman in Boston.<ref>Katz, ''Love Stories'', 129</ref>


1860, May
:Walt Whitman publishes third edition of ''Leaves of Grass''.<ref>http://www.loc.gov/rr/news/topics/waltwhitman.html Library of Congres</ref>


1860, May 7
:Fred Vaughn, in New York, writes to Walt Whitman in Boston.<ref>Katz, ''Love Stories'', 129.</ref>


1860, May 10
:''Vanity Fair'' magazine publishes "Our  Agricultural Column: Crop Prospects for 1860", a parody of articles on crops that in this case actually speculates on the prospects of poetry and literature that year. This includes a section on "Calamus" and the statement: "an unusually active  market for Calamus is expected this season. The editors of ''Vanity Fair'' and Whitman's writer friends in New York apparently knew that in the new edition of his ''Leaves'' the poet would introduce  the  calamus as the primary symbol of intimacy between men.<ref>Robert Scholnick, "'An Unusually Active Market for Calamus': Whitman, Vanity Fair, and the Fate of Humor in a Time of War, 1860-1863", [http://ir.uiowa.edu/wwqr Walt Whitman Quarterly Review], Volume 19, Number 3 (Winter 2002) pages 148-181; the reference in question is on page 162.</ref>
:The ''Vanity Fair'' article section titled "Calamus" opens: "There will be  a heavy crop of this health-giving root. We  observed its graceful blossoms in many a  meadow." This may possible contain a coded sexual reference for those in-the-know, suggesting that the writer had seen erotic acts, implicitly, of men with men, committed in multiple meadows. 
 

1860, May 19
:The ''Saturday Press'' publishes an extensive review of the new edition of Whitman's ''Leaves of  Grass''.<ref>Scholnick, "Unusually", page 162.</ref>


1860, December
:A North Carolina legal case, ''State v. Gray'', refers to "buggery," unspecified, in a case of "carnally knowing and abusing an infant female under the age of ten years".<ref>8 Jones (N.C.) 170 (1860, Dec)</ref>


1860, December 11
:A legal case decided in Hawaii, ''Enos v. Sowle'',  involves "sodomy", man with "boy" or "youth" (age unspecified).<ref>2 HA 332 (1860, Dec 11)</ref>


1860, December 14
:A legal case, decided in Hawaii, Vieira v. Sowle, involvles "sodomy" of a man with a "boy" (age unspecified).<ref>2 HA 346 (1860, Dec 14)</ref>


===1861===


===1862===


1862, May
:Fred Vaughn writes to Walt Whitman in Washington, D.C.<ref>Katz, ''Love Stories'', 136.</ref>


1862, May 18
:The ''Richmond'' [Virginia] ''Daily Dispatch'', in the Confederate capital, reports a large increase in "prostitutes of both sexes".<ref>Katz, ''Love Stories'', 134.</ref> 


===1863===


1863, winter
:James J. Archer, a Confederate General, is held prisoner on Johnson's Island, in Lake Erie, Ohio, and is alleged to have participated in a drinking party with "Captain Taylor" in which "they all got drunk together and got to hugging each other and saying that they had slept together many a time."<ref>Katz, ''Love Stories'', 137.</ref>


===1864===


1864, March 20
:John J. Willey, of the First Massachusetts Infantry Regiment, quartered in Brandy Station, Virgina, writes to his wife about an all-male ball in which some of the men dressed as women.<ref>Katz, ''Love Stories'', 135.</ref>


1864, April 3
:Oscar Cram of the Eleventh Massachusetts Infantry writes to a correspondent, "Ellen", telling her about an all-male ball that recently occurred.<ref>Katz, ''Love Stories'', 136.</ref>


===1865===


1865, April 21
:William Anderson, a sailor, and Henry Smith, a petty officer on the USS SHamrock, docked in North Carolina, are charged with "holding improper indecent intercourse."<ref>Katz, ''Love Stories'', 134.</ref>


1865, April 23
:John C. Smith and Louis Jerut, of the USS Shamrock, docked in North Carolina, are charged with "improper and indecent intercourse with each other."<ref>Katz, ''Love Stories'', 134</ref>


1865, October 30
:Seaman Henry Williams and ordinary seaman  William Steward, of the Muscota, docked in Key West, Florida, are charged with an "unnatural crime", unspecified.<ref>Katz, ''Love Stories'', 134.</ref>


===1866===


===1867===


1867, February 9
:[[Medical Times: "Aberrations of the Sexual Instinct," February 9, 1867]]


===1868===


1868
:End of intimacy between Addie Brown and Rebecca Primus, two African American women, 1859-1868. See: [[Addie Brown and Rebecca Primus: "No kisses is like youres," 1859-1868]] 


1868, May 6
:[[Kertbeny: "Homosexual," "Heterosexual," May 6, 1868]]




===1869===


1869, Fall
:[[Kertbeny: "Homosexual," Fall 1869]]


=Next: 1870-1879=


=Notes=
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