View source for Harvard University: Secret Court, 1920, The Inquisitors

Continued from: [[Harvard University: Secret Court, 1920]]


==The Inquisitors==
[[Image:Abbott Lawrence Lowell on TIME Magazine, June 21, 1926.jpg|thumb|240px|Harvard University President Abbott Lawrence Lowell on the cover of TIME Magazine, June 21, 1926]]


'''Edward R. Gay''' served as Assistant Dean of Harvard College from 1919 to 1923. He was born in London to American parents and served in [[World War I]] as a second lieutenant of artillery. Though a college administrator at the time of the Court, he only received his Harvard diploma magna cum laude in 1922. Following his years at Harvard, he worked as a newspaper copy editor and then embarked on a distinguished business career in the paper industry, ending as Vice Chairman of the Board of St. Regis Paper Company. He died at his home in New York City on July 18, 1966.<ref>''New York Times'': [http://select.nytimes.com/gst/abstract.html?res=F20613F73559117B93C2AB178CD85F428685F9& "Edward Gay, 67, Paper Executive," July 29, 1966], accessed December 18, 2009.{{RESEARCH}} Did he ever marry?</ref>


'''Chester Noyes Greenough''' was a Professor of English serving a two-year term as Acting Dean of Harvard College in 1920. Born in Wakefield, Massachusetts in 1874, he graduated from Harvard in 1898 and became a Professor of English in 1915. In the 1920s he held the post of Dean in his own right and became the first Master of Dunster House, serving from 1930 to 1934.  He died on February 27, 1938. One of his publications, authored with Barret Wendell, became a popular textbook: ''History of Literature in America'' (NY: Charles Scribner's Sons, 1904).<ref>http://dunster.harvard.edu/main/page/history_of_dunster_house History of Dunster House. List of Harvard dormitories#Greenough Hall|Greenough Hall, a Harvard dormitory, is named for him. Chester Noyes Greenough, ''History of Literature in America'' (NY: Charles Scribner's Sons, 1904), authored with Barrett Wendell. {{RESEARCH}} What does he say about Walt Whitman? ''New York Times'': [http://select.nytimes.com/gst/abstract.html?res=F10E11FD395C177589DDA10A94DA405B888FF1D3& "C. N. Greenough, 64, Ex-Harvard Dean," February 28, 1938], accessed December 18, 2009</ref>


'''[[Roger I. Lee]]''' was head of the Department of Hygiene. As doctor to the students, he conducted their annual physical examinations. He was born in 1881 and at Harvard he earned his bachelor's degree in 1902 and medical degree in 1905. He served as a lieutenant-colonel in the Medical Corps in [[World War I]]. Upon his return from service he authored ''Health and Disease: Their Determining Factors''. His discussion of "Sex Perversions" is limited to masturbation. It dispels myths and asserts that "It is actually questionable how much actual harm masturbation itself causes....[T]he habit and its attendant train of evils usually disappear after simple explanations." Homosexuality is not mentioned. He advises rigorous adherence to factual information in sex education and emphasizes the importance of education tailored to the individual. <ref>Lee, 263-70.</ref> 


As a reaction to the discovery that so many [[World War I]] recruits were unfit for service, Dr. Lee initiated at Harvard one of the first collegiate fitness programs in 1919. He was Professor of Hygiene from 1914 to 1924 and later served as a member of the President and Fellows of Harvard College from 1931 to 1954. He played a prominent role in several medical organizations, notably as President of the American Medical Association in 1945-46. He retired from the practice of medicine at 80 and died October 29, 1965 at the age of 84.<ref>''New York Times'': [http://select.nytimes.com/gst/abstract.html?res=FB0B10FA3E5D1A728DDDAD0994DA405B848EF1D3& "Dr. Lee to Leave Harvard," February 14, 1924], accessed December 19, 2009; ''New York Times'': [http://select.nytimes.com/gst/abstract.html?res=F50716F83E5F11738DDDAB0A94DD405B818FF1D3& "Quit Harvard Corporation," May 22, 1931], accessed December 19, 2009; ''New York Times'': [http://select.nytimes.com/gst/abstract.html?res=F10615F63454177A93C2AA178BD95F418685F9& "Dr. Roger Lee, 84, Ex-Head of A.M.A," October 30, 1965], accessed December 19, 2009; Wright, 14-5, 29. Lee cheerfully denounced retirement at age 60 or 65—"The most intelligent of the pensioners rebel when they are retired and lead a miserable existence that cuts short their life span."—and included a chapter titled "The Advantages of Being Fat" in one of his books, ''The Happy Life of a Doctor'' (Boston: Little, Brown, and Company, 1956).{{RESEARCH}}: Look into his publications for more sex references.</ref>


'''Abbott Lawrence Lowell''' was in his tenth year as President of the University. He was born in Brookline, Massachusetts in 1856, the scion of a famous family. He graduated from Harvard College cum laude in 1877 and from Harvard Law School in 1880. After practicing law, he taught at Harvard and in 1909 began his 24-year tenure as President of Harvard University. 


An educational reformer, he implemented a new set of academic requirements for Harvard undergraduates that required them to concentrate in a particular discipline beginning in 1914. He established a distinctive profile as a defender of academic freedom in the years during and after World War I. His tenure was marked by controversies about his proposed establishment of a quota to limit the admission of Jewish students and his attempt to exclude African American students from residing in the Freshman Halls. He implemented Harvard College's residential house  system in 1930 and retired in 1933. He died in 1943.<ref>''New York Times'': [http://select.nytimes.com/gst/abstract.html?res=F70810F63D581B7B93C5A9178AD85F478485F9& "A. L. Lowell Dies; Harvard Ex-Head;," January 7, 1943], accessed December 19, 2009; Richard Hofstadter and Walter Metzger, ''A History of Academic Freedom in the United States'' (NY: Columbia University Press, 1955), 502-3</ref>


'''Matthew Luce''' was Harvard's Regent in 1920, the administrative officer charged with responsibility for the welfare and conduct of the student population. He supervised residence hall proctors and student organizations. He was a Harvard graduate from the class of 1891. During [[World War I]] he served as assistant secretary of the Massachusetts Food Administration. When appointed Regent in 1919, he worked at a firm of wool dealers, Luce and Manning, and was a trustee of the Massachusetts Society for the Prevention of Cruelty to Children. He served as Regent until his resignation in 1935. Upon his resignation, the ''Harvard Crimson'' described him as "obscure by preference and by the nature of his functions, and an officer of the University unknown to students who followed the relatively straight and narrow path.... Since he acted as an intermediary without disciplinary authority, his office was largely what he himself wanted to make it, and he considered it a roving commission to pour oil on troubled waters."<ref>Wright, 29; ''Harvard Crimson'': [http://www.thecrimson.com/article/1919/1/20/luce-91-appointed-regent-pthe-appointment/ "Luce '91 Appointed Regent," January 20, 1919], accessed December 19, 2009; ''New York Times'': [http://select.nytimes.com/gst/abstract.html?res=F30912FB3F5B177A93C3A9178CD85F418385F9& "Resigns as Harvard Regent," July 1, 1935], accessed December 20, 2009; ''Harvard Crimson'': [http://www.thecrimson.com/article/1935/10/4/office-of-regent-passes-with-resignation/ "Office of Regent Passes With Resignation of Matthew Luce," October 4, 1935], accessed December 19, 2009. His earlier attempt to resign failed. The ''Crimson'' reported: "Regent Luce...gave as the reason for his resignation the fact that he was no longer necessary and that his office is no more than a title. 'While the student body at one time was boisterous and hard to handle, for some years they have been docile and amendable to University regulation The days when pistols were fired up chimneys, when statues were painted, when free speech was exercised, are now no more.... We of this office are only human and sometimes wish that someone would play with a fire extinguisher or do something spectacular in order that ancient and long-standing statues might be put to use. We have hoped in vain, and in fear of premature age through inactivity I have resigned.' He said that the present staff of Yard Cops would not retire with him, but since they were ageing [sic] fast would be retained for sentiment's sake." ''Harvard Crimson'': [http://www.thecrimson.com/article/1928/3/6/beloved-regent-gives-up-post-pthe/ "Beloved Regent Gives Up Post," March 6, 1928], accessed December 19, 2009</ref>


'''Kenneth Murdock''' was an Assistant Dean of Harvard College. A Boston native, he was 25 years old at the time of the Court. He graduated from Harvard summa cum laude in 1916 and then served in [[World War I]] as an ensign in the Navy. He then returned to the college as Assistant Dean, while his father, a successful banker, was serving on a committee that was reorganizing the University's finances. He later earned his doctorate in English from Harvard and enjoyed a distinguished academic career as Francis Lee Higginson Professor of English Literature, Dean of the Faculty of Arts and Sciences (1931–36), and the first Master of Leverett House (1930–41). Among his many publications were ''Literature & Theology in Colonial New England'' and ''The Notebooks of Henry James'', which he edited with [[F. O. Matthiessen, a literary critic and closeted homosexual. {{RESEARCH}}]]. He died in 1975.<ref>''New York Times'': [http://select.nytimes.com/gst/abstract.html?res=F10615FB3E5E16768FDDAF0994D9415B858BF1D3& Peter B. Flint, "Kenneth Murdock of Harvard Is Dead," November 16, 1975], accessed December 18, 2009; ''New York Times'': [http://select.nytimes.com/gst/abstract.html?res=F70C10FE3C58177A93C4A9178FD85F408385F9& "Harold Murdock is Dead in Boston," April 6, 1934], accessed December 18, 2009; ''Literature & Theology in Colonial New England'' (Westport, CT: Greenwood Press, 1949), ''The Notebooks of Henry James'' (Chicago: University of Chicago Press, 1974). {{RESEARCH}} Do the obituaries of the inquisitors indicate that some were bachelors? Mmmmm</ref>


=Continued at: [[Harvard University: Secret Court, 1920, Witnesses and Other Parties]]=

=Notes=
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