1890-1899: Timeline

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ENTRY UNDER CONSTRUCTION

A chronology of people, their actions, and the events they produced from 1890 through 1899.

1890

Alberta Lucile Hart is born. Later in life she takes on a male identity and lives as Alan L. Hart. See: Alberta Lucille Hart/Alan L. Hart: October 4, 1890-July 4, 1962.


Donald Hendry, one of three Americans involved in a sex scandal in Württemberg, Germany, returns to America and attends medical school from 1890 to 1892. See: Americans in Württemberg Scandal, 1888/Part 3.


1890, May

A legal case referring to a "homicide" committed while engaged in a felony "such as rape or sodomy" is appealed in Louisiana.[1]


1890, October

A legal case referring to the attempted "sodomy" of a man with a dog is appealed in Missouri.[2]


1890 December 1

A legal case referring to an unspecified "crime against nature" is appealed in Montana.[3]


1890, December 16

A legal case refers to a robbery involving a threat of "sodomy" is appealed in Virginia.[4]


1891

Grant Wood, the future artist, is born. See: Grant Wood: 1891-1942


1891, June 19

A civil suit involving the "buggery" of Mascolo, a boy of twelve, by Montesanto, a boy of fifteen, is appealed in Connecticut.[5]


1892, January 4

A murder case decision, appealed in Pennsylvania, refers to an English legal decision "that to solicit or make overtures to another to commit sodomy was a crime; but to threaten to accuse another of having made such overtures, was not a threat to charge him with having committed the crime of sodomy".[6]


1892, January 25

Alice Mitchell murders Freda Ward in Memphis, Tennessee.


1892, May

Kiernan,James. George.jpeg

Dr. James G. Kiernan publishes "Responsibility in Sexual Perversion" in the Chicago Medical Recorder with a footnote that includes the first-known use in the U.S. of the terms "hetero-sexual" and "homo-sexual" (attributed to Richard von Krafft-Ebing).[7]









1892, May 13

A legal case referring to the "crime against nature" of a man with a man is appealed in Michigan.[8]


1892, November 7

A murder case appealed to the United States Supreme Court quotes an article of the New Jersey constitution which says that murder "committed in perpetrating or in attempting to perpetrate arson, rape, sodomy, robbery, or burglary, shall be deemed murder in the first degree".[9]


1892, December 3

A legal case involving "sodomy" and "buggery" (unspecified in the brief published report) is appealed in Michigan.[10]


1893

Doctor F. E. Daniel, of Austin, Texas, first presents a paper on eugenic castration at an international medico-legal congress held in New York. suggesting "It might be well enough to . . . asexualize all criminals". Originally titled "Should Insane Criminals or Sexual Perverts Be Allowed to Procreate?" this paper was reprinted in three different medical journals, the last in 1912.[11]


1893, February 15

A legal case referring to the oral-genital "sodomy" and "crime against nature" of a man in the mouth of a "child" (age unspecified) is appealed in Texas.[12]


1893, February 18

A legal case involving an attempted "crime against nature" and "sodomy" of a man with a man is appealed in the State of Washington.[13]


1893, August 23

A legal case involving incest refers to a "solicitation to commit incest, adultery, or sodomy".[14]


1893, December 6

A legal case involving the "crime against nature" of a man with "boy" (age unspecified in the brief published case report) is appealed in New York State.[15]


1894, January 18

The Badger State Banner, published in Black River Falls, Wisconsin, carries the news that Anna Morris, alias Frank Blunt, had been sentenced to a year in prison at Fond du Lac, where Gertrude Field "fell upon the neck of the prisoner and wept for half an hour".[16]


1894, February 28

A legal case referring to the "sodomy," "crime against nature," and "unnatural and lascivious act" (unspecified) of a man with "another person" (sex unspecified) is appealed in Massachusetts.[17]


1894, March 28

A mentally disturbed letter carrier, Guy T. Olmstead, shoots another postman, William L. Clifford, in Chicago, after Clifford rejects Olmstead's advances. The case is discussed by Dr. Talbot in a report published in 1896 by Havelock Ellis (see below).[18]


1894, May 5

A legal case involving extortion by the threat of criminal prosecution for a "crime against nature" and "sodomy" with a beast (species unspecified in the published report) is appealed in Texas.[19]


1894, June 4

A legal case referring to anal intercourse and "sodomy" of a "boy" under 14, with "child" (age unspecified in the published report.[20]


1894, June 26

A legal case involving libel and slander and a teacher accused of "sodomy" with students (sex and age unspecified in the published report) is appealed in Michigan. The case also includes a reference to "bestiality".[21]


1894, August 9

A legal case involving the "crime against nature" of a man with a cow is appealed in Alabama.[22]


1894, August 11

A legal case involving the "crime against nature" of a man with a man is appealed in California.[23]


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1899

A. B. Holder: "A Peculiar Sexual Perversion Found Among North American Indians"


Notes

  1. ↑ Louisiana v. Deschamps, 7 So. 703.
  2. ↑ State v. Frank, 103 MO 120; 15 S.W. 330.
  3. ↑ State v. Chandonette, 10 MT 280; 25 P. 438.
  4. ↑ Houston v. Commonwealth, 87 VA 257; 12 S.E. 385.
  5. ↑ Mascolo v. Montesanto, 61 CT 50; 23 Atl. 714; 29 Am. St. Rep. 170.
  6. ↑ Commonwealth v. Randolph, 146 PA 83; 23 A. 388.
  7. ↑ James G. Kiernan, Chicago Medical Recorder, vol. 3, pages 185-210. Discussed and cited in ,Jonathan Ned Katz, The Invention of Heterosexuality (NY: Dutton, 1995), note 1, page 270.
  8. ↑ People v. Graney, 91 MI 646; 52 N.W. 66.
  9. ↑ Hallinger v. Davis, 146 U.S. 314; 113 S. Ct. 105.
  10. ↑ People v. Hodgkin, 94 MI 27.
  11. ↑ Katz, Gay American History, p. 135, note ???, page ???.
  12. ↑ Prindle v. State, 31 TX Cr. R. 551; 21 S.W. 360; 37 Am. St. Rep. 833.
  13. ↑ State v. Place, 5 Wash. 773
  14. ↑ People v. Gleason, 99 CA 359; 33 P. 1111.
  15. ↑ People v. O'Brien, 26 N.Y.S. 812.
  16. ↑ Jonathan Ned Katz, Gay American History: Lesbians and Gay Men in the U.S.A. (NY: Crowell, 1976), pages 231-232, note ???, page ???
  17. ↑ Commonwealth v. Dill, 160 MA 536, 36 N.E. 472 (Sup. Jd. Ct. 1894).
  18. ↑ Jonathan Ned Katz, Gay American History: Lesbians and Gay Men in the U.S.A. (NY: Crowell, 1976), pages 140-143, note ???, page ???
  19. ↑ Strange v. State, 33 Tex. Crim. 315; 26 S.W 406.
  20. ↑ Hodges v. State, 94 Ga. 593; 19 S.E. 758.
  21. ↑ Thibault v. Sessions and Phipps, 101 MI 279; 59 N.W. 624 (1894, Jun 26).
  22. ↑ Bradford v. State, 104 AL 68; 53 Am. St. Rep. 24.
  23. ↑ People v. Moore, 103 Cal. 508; 37 Pac. 510.









1895

Havelock Ellis writes on "Sexual Inversion in Women" in the Alienist and Neurologist, published in Saint Louis, Missouri.[1]


1995

Marc-Andre Raffalovich's article, which first appears in a French medical journal, then is translated the same year and published in the American Journal of Comparative Neurology, argues for the repression of sex between men and women, as well as sex between members of the same sex.[2]


1895, March 9

Green v. State, 29 S.W: 1072 (TX; 1895, Mar 9) ("sodomy," unspecified). Texas.


1895, April 1

Bergemann v. Backer, 157 U.S. 655; 15 S. Ct. 727 (U.S. Supreme Court; 1895, Apr 1) (murder; cites section of New Jersey Crimes Act that murder "committed in perpetrating, or attempting to perpetrate, any arson, rape, sodomy, robbery or burglary, shall be deemed murder of the first degree"). United States.


1895, June 3

State v. Desforges, 47 LA Ann 1167; 17 S. 811 (1895, Jun 3) (attempting to prevent witness from testifying; court quotes Wharton that solicitations to commit a crime "are indictable . . . when they are . . . offences against public decency, as in the case with solicitations to commit sodomy"). Louisiana.


1895, September

Meigs County Court v. Anonymous, 3 OH Dec. 450; 2 OH N.P. 342 (1895, Sep) ("sodomy," man with beast, unspecified). Ohio.


1895, September 19

Williams v. Commonwealth, 22 S.E. 859 (VA; 1895, Sep 19) ("buggery," unspecified, by boy, between 10-12). Virginia.


1895, September 30

People v. Hickey, 41 P. 1027; 109 CA 275 (1895, Sep 30) ("sodomy," man with person, unspecified; sodomy may also involve a beast, unspecified). California.


1895, December

Havelock Ellis publishes "Sexual Inversion with an Analysis of Thirty-three New Cases" in the Medico-Legal Journal (NY).[3],


1896

A detailed medical case history involving the effects of castration on Guy T. Olmstead is sent to Havelock Ellis by Dr. E. S. Talbot of Chicago, and Ellis publishes an initial report in the British Journal of Mental Science.[4]


1896, January 15

Mootry etal. v. State, 41 P. 1027; 109 CA 275 (1896, Jan 15) (murder; cites Medis v. State (see above), in which accused "were jointly tried for sodomy," unspecified here). California.


1896, Jan 22: Wright v. State, 35 TX Crim. 367; 33 S.W. 973 (1896, Jan 22) ("sodomy," unspecified). Texas.


1896, Jan 27: Hawaii v. Parsons, 10 HA 601 (1896, Jan 27) ("sexual intercourse," man with female under age fourteen: cites law referring to "Polygamy," "Adultery," "Fornication," "Incest," "Sodomy," unspecified). "C. G. Parsons argues that the statute under which the charge is made is unconstitutional, for technical reason, and that even if it did set forth the full title of the alleged amended act, namely, 'Chapter XIII, it would still be insufficient (for technical reasons).'" Hawaii.


1896, Feb 12: Hall v. State, 34 S.W: 124 (TX; 1896, Feb 12) ("sodomy," unspecified). Texas.


1896, Apr 29: Lewis v. State, 36 TX Cr. R. 37; 35 S.W. 372; 61 Am. St. Rep. 831 (1896, Apr 29) ("sodomy," anal intercourse, man with woman; accusation of "copulating in the mouth" with same woman). Texas. Oral-genital.


1896, May 13: Little v. State, 35 S.W. 659 (TX; 1896, May 13) ("sodomy," unspecified). Texas.


1896, June [LEXIS]; Nov 17 [WESTLAW]

Singleton v. State, 38 FL 297; 21 So. 21 (1896, Jun ([LEXIS]; Nov 17 [WESTLAW]) (quotes section of FL law "that persons convicted ... of murder, perjury, piracy, forgery, larceny, robbery, arson, sodomy, or buggery shall not be competent witnesses"). Florida.


1896, September 21

Benedict v. People, 23 CO 126; 46 P. 637 (1896, Sep 21 [WESTLAW]; Sep [LEXIS]) ("crime against nature," unspecified). Colorado.


1897, January 19

State v. Smith, 38 S.W. 717 (MO; 1897, Jan 19) (attempted "sodomy or buggery," man with "boy," age unspecified). Missouri.


1897, January 21

Davis v. State, 37 TX Crim. Rep. 47 (1897, Jan 21) (robbery by threatening illegal act; notes: "In England, and perhaps in this country, in the absence of statute, a threatening charge of sodomy [unspecified] is the only threat of prosecution for a crime from which can be inferred the fear necessary to constitute the crime of robbery"). Texas.


1897, March 29

People v. Frey, 112 MI 251; 70 N.W. 548 (1897, Mar 29) (extortion; threat to accuse "sodomy," "bestiality"). Michigan.


1897, May 6

People v.Boyle, 48 P 800; 116 CA 658 (1897, May 6) ("crime against nature," man in mouth of "boy," age unspecified). California. Oral-genital.


1897, June 25

Stewart v. Major, 17 WA 238; 49 E 503 (1897, Jun 25) (libel; quotes section of WA Code referring to "words falsely spoken of any person charging such person with incest or the infamous crime against nature either with mankind or the brute creation"). Washington.


1897, September 7

State v. Dolan, 17 WA 499; 50 P. 472 (1897, Sep 7) (murder; citing WA law referring to "assault with intent to commit murder, rape, the infamous crime against nature, mayhem, robbery, or grand larceny"). Washington.


1897, November 1

Honselman v. People, 168 IL 173, 48 N.W. 304 (1897, Nov 1) ("crime against nature," penis of accuser, fourteen-and-a-half-years-old, in man's mouth). Illinois. Illinois. Oral-genital.


1897, November 24

Jones v. State, 38 TX Crim. 364; 43 S.W: 78 (1897, Nov 24) (libel; Irish men, employed as conductors by the Galveston Railroad, who discriminated against "colored ladies," were called "the descendants of Oscar Wilde [meaning that they commit the crime of sodomy]"; bracketed quote in original report). Texas. Research Request: Original legal records? African American women. The published case report is republished on OutHistory.org. In the same publication also see: W. H. Noble v. The State. No. 1565. Decided November 24, 1897.


1897, December 1

Bresnan v. State, 43 S.W. 111 (TX; 1897, Dec 1) ("sodomy" unspecified, man with man). Texas.


1897, December 20

People v. Wilson, 51 P. 639, 119 CA 384 (1897, Dec 20) (attempted "crime against nature," man, implicitly with boy, age unspecified). California.


1898, February 9

McCray v. State, 8 TX Crim. 609; 44 S.W. 170 (1898, Feb 9) (assault; reference to earlier "sodomy," unspecified, of accused). Texas.


1898, April 20

Hawaii v. Luning, 11 HA 390 (1898, Apr 20) (attempted "sodomy," unspecified). Hawaii.


1898, June ([LEXIS]; Nov 5 ([WESTLAW])

Roberson v. Florida, 40 FL 509; 24 So. 474 (1898, Jun ([LEXIS]; Nov 5 ([WESTLAW]) (cites FL law that "persons who have been convicted in any court . . . of murder, perjury, piracy, forgery, larceny, robbery, arson, sodomy or buggery shall not be competent witnesses"). Florida.


1898, June 8

Red v. State, 39 TX Crim. 414; 46 S.W. 408 (1898, Jun 8) (murder; "Appellant proposed to prove ... that the witness. . .was guilty of incest with his daughter, and was guilty of sodomy [unspecified], and had assaulted the wife of appellant, ... his granddaughter, with intent to rape her"). Texas.


1898 July 8 ([LEXIS]; Sep 28 ([WESTLAW])

Roesel v. New Jersey, 62 N.J.L. 216; 41 A. 408 (1898 Jul 8 ([LEXIS]; Sep 28 ([WESTLAW]) (murder; cites NJ law referring to persons "committing or attempting to commit sodomy, rape, arson, robbery or burglary, or any unlawful act against the peace of this state, of which the probable consequence may be bloodshed"). New Jersey.


1898, November 4

Hawaii v. Edwards, 11 HA 571 (conviction for attempted "sodomy," man with Hawaiian, "Kui" [no sex specified]). Hawaii.


1898, November 30

Darling v. State, 47 S.W 1005 (TX, 1898, Nov 30) ("sodomy," unspecified). Texas.


1899

Dr. H. C. Sharp, physician at the Indiana Reformatory, first institutes a vasectomy program aimed at the "Sterilization of Degenerates" whom, he claims, become of "a more sunny disposition".[5]


1899

Dr. John D. Quackenbos reports to the New Hampshire Medical Society on the use of hypnosis in the treatment of "sexual perversion", saying "It becomes my Christian manhood to act only as the vice-regent of the Almighty."[6]


1899, January 16

Commonwealth v. J., 21 PA Co. Ct. 625 (1899, Jan 16) (attempted "buggery" with young cow). Pennsylvania.


1899, March 6 [WESTLAW]; May 6 [LEXIS]

Brown v. New Jersey, 62 N.J.L. 666; 42 A. 811, 1899, Mar 6 [WESTLAW]; May 6 [LEXIS]) (murder; cites NJ law "that every person indicted for treason, murder or other crimes punishable with death, or for misprision of treason, manslaughter, sodomy, rape, arson, burglary, robbery, or forgery," was allowed to challenge peremptorily twenty jurors). New Jersey.


1899, April 24

Wells v. New England Mutual Life Insurance, 191 PA 207; 43 A. 126 (1899, Apr 24) (abortion; Court quotes its earlier decision that abortion "violates the mysteries of nature in that process by which the human race is propagated. It is a crime against nature which obstructs the fountain of life...."). Pennsylvania.


1899, May 2 [WESTLAW]; Jan Term [case report; LEXIS]

Simmons v. State, 41 FL 316, 25 So. 881 (1899, May 2 [WESTLAW]; Jan Term [case report; LEXIS]) (robbery; cites FL law that "Property obtained by trick or artifice, or by threats of illegal arrest, criminal prosecution, or insinuations against character, except they relate to sodomitical practices, is not taken by 'putting in fear'"). Florida.


1899, May 6

State v. LaForrest, 45 A. 225 (Sup. Ct.); 71 VT 311 (1899, May 6) ("sodomy,"' unspecified). Vermont.


1899, May 31

Hawaii v. Edwards, 2 HA 55 (1899, May 31) ("sodomy," unspecified; argues that 5th and 6th amendments of U.S. Constitution extended to Hawaii at time of Edwards' conviction, August 16,1898, four days after transfer of Hawaiian sovereignty to U.S.). Hawaii.


1899, June 15

Bishop v. Florida, 41 FL 522; 26 So. 703 (1899, Jun 15) (cites FL law: "Persons ... convicted in any court in this State of murder, perjury, piracy, forgery, larceny, robbery, arson, sodomy or buggery shall not be competent witnesses"). Florida.


1899, June 22

State v. Romans, 57 E 819, 21 WA 284 (1899, Jun 22) (attempted "crime against nature," "buggery," man with man). Washington.


1899, October 11

Willson v. State, 53 S.W. 112 (TX; 1899, Oct 11). ("sodomy," unspecified). Texas.


1899, November 29

Peak v. State, 53 S.W. 853 (1899, Nov 29) ("sodomy," unspecified). Research Request: state?


1899, November 29

Stratham v. State, 53 S.W. 847 (1899, Nov 29) ("sodomy," unspecified). Research Request: state?


1899, December 19

Waits v. State, 54 S.W. 1103 (1899, Dec 19) ("sodomy," unspecified). Research Request: state?

  1. ↑ Katz, Gay American History, pages 139, note ???, page ???.
  2. ↑ Katz, Gay American History, page137-138, note ??? on page ?.
  3. ↑ Havelock Ellis, “Sexual Inversion with an Analysis of Thirty-three New Cases” Medico-legal Journal (New York), vol. 13, pages 255-267.
  4. ↑ Katz, Gay American History, pages 140-143, note ??? page ???.
  5. ↑ Katz, Gay American History, pages 143-144, note ???, page ???
  6. ↑ Katz, Gay American History, pages 144-145, note ???, page ???
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