Seattle, WA: The Lesbian Mother's National Defense Fund, the 1970's through the 1990's
'“Raising our Children is a Right, Not a Heterosexual Privilege”'
Motto of the Lesbian Mother’s National Defense Fund
The Lesbian Mothers National Defense Fund (LMNDF) was started by a group of young lesbians in Seattle WA in 1974. Starting with a small group of women and an even smaller amount of money, the LMNDF held fund raisers, raised awareness, collected resources and supported lesbians across the United States that were fighting for custody of their children after leaving heterosexual marriages.
Unfit Mothers: Lesbian Mothers Fight for Custody
One of the "most famous" cases of lesbian custody was fought by two Seattle women, Sandy and Madeliene. [1] This was officially called the Shuster-Issacson case, which was the consolidation of two custody cases in which the fathers and former husbands of the lesbian couple sued Sandy Shuster and Madeliene Isaacson for custody of their children.
According to the Hastings Law Journal, during the original contested divorces-- in which their lesbianism was discussed--the women were awarded custody of their children contingent upon the physical separation of the two women and their children.[1]; in other words, they could keep their kids but not live together as a family. In response, Sandy and Madeleine found separate homes across the hall from each other. The two fathers subsequently contested custody, arguing that since they had remarried they could provide adequate homes, that the two women were in fact living together against court orders and that they had publicized their relationship. [1]
In support of the lesbian mothers' case, a film was made called Sandy and Madeliene's Family, which featured supportive testimony from Margaret Mead. <ref name=Polikoff> Polikoff, Nancy. Beyond (Straight and Gay) Marriage: Valuing All Families Under the Law. Beacon Press: Boston, 2008. [2] In addition, many expert witnesses testified on their behalf. "After a lengthy trial in which twenty-one witnesses were introduced, including eleven psychiatrists and psychologists, the court found that the change in circumstances was not sufficient to require a change in custody from the mothers to the fathers. The court noted that 'almost all of the testimony of all the people who actually saw, examined, or talked to the children was that the children are healthy, happy, normal, loving children.'".[1]
Around the same time period, Marilyn Koop was also in Seattle and fighting for custody of her children around the same time period. Her children were at one point placed in a juvenile detention center when they refused to live with their father by a judge who thought this a better alternative than returning them to their mother’s “abnormal” and “highly detrimental” living arrangements (as a lesbian couple). [2]
Voices of the Family: Hearing from the Kids and Moms Impacted News Coverage of Lesbian Custody Battles Mom's Apple Pie: The Newsletter of the LMNDF Changing Struggles: The 1990's through Today
